DIABETES

What Diabetes is?

Diabetes is a really common condition, characterized for having high blood glucose levels, this can be presented by a dissociation between consume and waste of the same.

Meaning by this increase on the ingestion of glucose or a diminution of the use of it by our body.

Classification

Diabetes can be classified into the following general categories:

1. Type 1 diabetes (due to autoimmune β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency, including latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood)
2. Type 2 diabetes (due to a progressive loss of adequate β-cell insulin secretion frequently on the background of insulin resistance)
3. Specific types of diabetes due to other causes, e.g., monogenic diabetes syndromes (such as neonatal diabetes and maturity-onset diabetes of the young), diseases of the exocrine pancreas (such as cystic fibrosis and pancreatitis), and drug- or chemical-induced diabetes (such as with glucocorticoid use, in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, or after organ transplantation)
4. Gestational diabetes mellitus (diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy that was not clearly overt diabetes prior to gestation)

Symptoms

Is well known that Diabetes doesn't have specific symptoms but its described with three principal symptoms polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria; this means so thirsty, so hungry and frequent urination respectively. Eventually diabetic patients will develop more symptoms in the advance state of the disease like tiredness, erectly disfunction, blurry vision, diabetic neuropathy (numb or tingling hands or feet) and poor wound healing . Meaning by this that not all the patients will develop all the symptoms at one time but all of them if uncontrolled glucose levels persist are at risk.

How do we know that we are diabetic?

Diagnostic Tests for Diabetes

Diabetes may be diagnosed based on plasma glucose criteria, either the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) value or the 2-h plasma glucose (2-h PG) value during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), or A1C criteria